White blood cells identify and kill pathogens and remember them.
acquired immunity requires experience with the pathogen.
every animal has immune system, only vertebrates have acquired.
innate immune system kills everything
skin and mucous membranes, oil and acidic. stomache is part of outside. Mucus membranes coat everything exposed. mucus trap microbes and sweeps them away.
inflammatory response, mast cells release histamine when find suspicious things, usually proteins. histamine makes cells permeable allows fluid in which causes inflammation
also brings in white blood cells to attack. allergies, reaction without reason. histamine.
leukocytes (white blood cells) can go anywhere aside from central nervous system, spine and brain.
are deposited through circulatory system through capillaries. (diapedesis)
Innate immune system- phagocytes eat pathogens through a process called phagocytosis.
Neutrophils attack pathogens and die, creating pus.
Macrophages hang in organs and don’t move a lot and are big. Kill cancer cells and pathogens, can eat up to 100.
1973 natural killer cell- Phagocyte that kills body’s cells when they are infected, stop producing mhc1, binds and secretes enzyme dissolves membrane
Dendritic cells Phagocyte that eats pathogens on outside and brings them to inside with info on what may get in
antigens cause immune system to identify.
antibodies dont kill cells, swarm them. proteins that are tags the alert phagocytes
lymphocytes go after specific pathogens.
Thymus cells are in bone marrow and go outside and bone marrow cells
t cells administrate other cells.
cell mediated response- infection in cell. helper t cells get info from pathogenic antigen from macrophage that killed it. antigen presentation. interleukin 1 to communicate with helper t and interleukin 2 from helper t to alert lymphocytes. helper t makes copies of self that turn into fector t cells that alert lymphocytes. other copies keep record.
cells that are infected they produce antigens to have cytotoxic cell come kill it
humoral response- infection in fluid.
b cells patrol bloodstream and are alerted by helper t. they have many antibodies (100,000 about) one kind on each b cell. attach to pathogen they recognize and make clones that turn into plasma/effector cells that create 200 antibodies a second the bind to antigens to be killed my lympnocytes.
acquired immunity requires experience with the pathogen.
every animal has immune system, only vertebrates have acquired.
innate immune system kills everything
skin and mucous membranes, oil and acidic. stomache is part of outside. Mucus membranes coat everything exposed. mucus trap microbes and sweeps them away.
inflammatory response, mast cells release histamine when find suspicious things, usually proteins. histamine makes cells permeable allows fluid in which causes inflammation
also brings in white blood cells to attack. allergies, reaction without reason. histamine.
leukocytes (white blood cells) can go anywhere aside from central nervous system, spine and brain.
are deposited through circulatory system through capillaries. (diapedesis)
Innate immune system- phagocytes eat pathogens through a process called phagocytosis.
Neutrophils attack pathogens and die, creating pus.
Macrophages hang in organs and don’t move a lot and are big. Kill cancer cells and pathogens, can eat up to 100.
1973 natural killer cell- Phagocyte that kills body’s cells when they are infected, stop producing mhc1, binds and secretes enzyme dissolves membrane
Dendritic cells Phagocyte that eats pathogens on outside and brings them to inside with info on what may get in
antigens cause immune system to identify.
antibodies dont kill cells, swarm them. proteins that are tags the alert phagocytes
lymphocytes go after specific pathogens.
Thymus cells are in bone marrow and go outside and bone marrow cells
t cells administrate other cells.
cell mediated response- infection in cell. helper t cells get info from pathogenic antigen from macrophage that killed it. antigen presentation. interleukin 1 to communicate with helper t and interleukin 2 from helper t to alert lymphocytes. helper t makes copies of self that turn into fector t cells that alert lymphocytes. other copies keep record.
cells that are infected they produce antigens to have cytotoxic cell come kill it
humoral response- infection in fluid.
b cells patrol bloodstream and are alerted by helper t. they have many antibodies (100,000 about) one kind on each b cell. attach to pathogen they recognize and make clones that turn into plasma/effector cells that create 200 antibodies a second the bind to antigens to be killed my lympnocytes.